Actuel Marx
P.U.F.

I.S.B.N.9782130546894
224 pages

p. 89 à 107
doi: en cours

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Marx et Foucault

n° 36 2004/2

Pouvoir et stratégies chez Poulantzas et Foucault

Traduit de l’anglais par Luc Benoît

Bob Jessop
Following the events of May 1968, Foucault and Poulantzas both sharpened their analyses of power, developing in their different ways a sophisticated relational analysis of power relations, exploring both their microfoundations and their macrosocial strategic codification. This article focuses on these developments from a Marxist rather than Foucauldian perspective by presenting and critiquing Poulantzas’s own critical appropriation of Foucault’s arguments in Surveiller et Punir and Volonté de Savoir. In particular, it reveals the force of the criticisms of Foucault levelled by Poulantzas in L’État, le pouvoir, le socialisme (1978) and the extent to which Foucault’s theoretical development from 1976 onwards could be read as an indirect, unintended response to these criticisms. Having identified the parallels, convergences, and continuing differences between the work of Poulantzas and Foucault, the article then argues that neither theorist offered an adequate solution to the problem of the relation between micro-diversity and macro-necessity – with Foucault still privileging the former, Poulantzas the latter. The concluding section of the article proposes an alternative solution.
Huit critiques de Foucault et quelques réponses possibles
Quelques ressemblances cachées
L’ubiquité du pouvoir et/ou de l’Etat
Diagrammes et modes de production
Esprits plébéiens et instincts de classe
Micro-diversité et macro-nécessité
Conclusions
• Bibliographie


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