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Archives Juives
Les Belles lettres

I.S.B.N.2251694129
144 pages

p. 4 à 25
doi: en cours

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Dossier : Transmettre l'identité après l'émancipation

Volume 35 2002/2

Discipline > Revue > Sommaire > Résumé

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Du heder aux écoles actuelles : l’éducation juive, reflet d’un destin collectif

Katy Hazan

Résumé de l'article

The author endeavours to show how, starting from the modern era to our days, the Jewish education has always depended on the successive identity types to which the Jewish minority in France chose to belong. Following the heder of the Jewish nations of the « ancien régime », the consistorial school comes after the emancipation with its difficult challenge : promoting Jewish individuals into the communal society and at the same time the acknowledgement by each one of his religious specificity. Primarily a favourite means of regenerating for the poor and the immigrant Jewish people, this means of improvement reaches the end of the thirties, unhappily weakening because of the success of the assimilation and the social secularisation of general society. Between the two World Wars and mainly on the eve of the second one, the first weaknesses begin to appear in French Judaism as a whole, and yearnings for a more religious aspect of the identity and a more favourable interest for zionism, although many still remain convinced « Israelites ». These yearnings are manifest in the newly born youth movements, mostly the French Israelite boy-scouts, and the creation of the Maimonide college in Paris, and, during the period of the occupation, will meet favourable conditions for their growth and the birth of new structures. However this renewal is transient. Not until the sixties and more effectively the seventies, the outburst of Jewish educational opportunities will be offered, and then the collapsing of the French Israelite model is the fundamental reason for this outburst.

Plan de l'article

• Le modèle consistorial

• Une œuvre philanthropique

• L’expérience tardive d’un enseignement secondaire juif

• Entre les deux guerres : les mouvements de jeunesse

• Le choc de la guerre

• La nouvelle donne

• L’explosion des années soixante-dix

• Les raisons de l’engouement actuel

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