Hong Kong, la Chine et la démocratie
Stéphanie Balme
Richard Balme
Analysing political changes in Hong Kong since the SARS
crisis of 2003, this paper argues that a threefold transition process where political, economic and cultural factors reinforce each other, led to a governance
crisis in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, severely undermining the position of the executive and leading to the replacement of the Chief
Executive in July 2005. On one hand, political mobilisation increased in
recent years, both in terms of electoral turnout and protest behaviour. On the
other, the subsequent legislative elections in September 2004 revealed a clear
popular disenchantment with political party organizations. Support for prodemocracy organisations also became more diffuse and somewhat critical
toward the Democratic Party. Hong Kong’s transitional crisis is further complicated by tensions between the different constitutional cultures found in
Hong Kong and the PRC. Hong Kong is having to find a way of legitimately
resisting China’s political and legal encroachments without provoking mainland suspicions of “anti patriotism”.
• Transitions plurielles et genèse du mouvement démocratique
— Des transitions conjuguées
— La démocratie comme clivage
— Une crise de la gouvernance
• Les législatives de 2004 : dynamiques politico-institutionnelles
— Un système électoral fortement biaisé
— Renaissance ou essoufflement du camp démocrate ?
• Constitutionnalisme versus bonne gouvernance
— Des intrications réciproques entre les deux entités ?
— Des crises constitutionnelles