Critique internationale
Presses de Sc. Po.

I.S.B.N.9782724630930
220 pages

p. 101 à 117
doi: en cours

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n° 35 2007/2

S’emparer du pouvoir ou créer du pouvoir ?

Les héritages des régimes militaires dans la décentralisation en Argentine et au Brésil

Tulia G. Falleti
In the last quarter of the twentieth century, both Argentina and Brazil decentralized their governments. Both countries also started this process with similar institutions of intergovernmental relations and in the context of military regimes. However, whereas the military in Argentina took an administrative decentralization measure first (i.e. the transfer of primarylevel education from the central government to the provinces), the Brazilian military began the process of decentralization with a political measure (the reinstallation of the direct popular election of governors). The article shows that different types of militarism, in particular the different ways in which the military occupied the state apparatus and controlled the political system, explain the occurrence of opposite initial steps in the decentralization process. Such different beginnings led ultimately to varying degrees of autonomy for governors and mayors. Thus, by the end of the century, Brazilian governors and mayors had gained significantly more autonomy than their counterparts in Argentina.
• L’évolution des relations intergouvernementales
• Les régimes militaires : s’emparer du pouvoir ou créer du pouvoir ?
• Argentine : la décentralisation administrative sous le régime militaire
• Brésil : la décentralisation sous le régime militaire


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