La dynamique de la « guerre civile » en Palestine
Jean-François Legrain
Out of convenience or bias, the major international media
have consistently tied the multiplication of inter-Palestinian clashes in late
2006 and early 2007 to the Hamas victory in the January 2006 legislative
elections. Yet the outbreak of partisan violence was not spawned by this victory. For the past several years, corruption (fasâd), anarchy (fawda) and
lawlessness (falatân) have been fueling a dynamics the outcome of which, a
“civil war” (fitna), was known, feared and condemned by the population. For
the voters, Fath is believed at best to have failed to combat these various ills;
at worst it is allegedly behind them. Given its reputation for probity and
effectiveness, the people’s trust was invested in Hamas to undertake the mission of overcoming the “civil war” logic. But by impeding Hamas from
carrying out its mandate, President Mahmoud Abbas, Fath, Israel and the
international community have contributed, each in its own capacity, to transforming the lack of law and order into a “civil war” of which the premises
were manifest as early as summer 2006. After having analyzed the various
constitutive elements of this dynamics and their interconnections, this study
resituates the process underway in the recent history of the Palestinian
national movement.
• De la corruption à la débâcle sécuritaire en passant par l’anarchie
— De la corruption à l’anarchie
— De l’anarchie à la débâcle sécuritaire
• Le refus de laisser Hamas exercer son mandat
— La Présidence et Fath
— Israël et la communauté internationale
• De la débâcle sécuritaire à la « guerre civile »