Si loin, si proche : la légitimité de l'enquête dans les affaires de compétence universelle
Julien Seroussi
When an examining magistrate has to investigate crimes
committed abroad, not only is the margin for maneuver slimmer than in
investigations on the national territory, but also the very legitimacy of the procedure is challenged by the defense, which seeks to prove that the court is
invalid. How can examining magistrates recover their freedom of action?
Should they rely on evidence supplied by NGOs, which often enjoy more
extensive means than they? On the basis of two case studies in universal jurisdiction, the Habré case and the “Butare four” case, the author considers how
the logistic support offered by NGOs influences the credibility of an international investigation.
• L’universalité à l’épreuve de la distance
— Entre distance spatiale et distance culturelle
— Ni culturalisme ni universalisme
• Neutraliser la distance : la médiation des ONG
— Court-circuiter les procédures
— Interpréter les faits
• L’indépendance de l’instruction en question : juridisation de la distance
— À la recherche de garanties procédurales