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Critique internationale
Presses de Sc. Po.

I.S.B.N.9782724630954
168 pages

p. 37 à 49
doi: en cours

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n° 37 2007/4

Discipline > Revue > Sommaire > Résumé

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Crise alimentaire et malnutrition infantile au Niger : le bilan de la « famine » de 2005

Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan est

Résumé de l'article

The “famine” of 2005 in Niger received extensive media coverage in Europe, today acknowledged to have been excessive. This “food crisis” had several causes, the main one being unforeseen sharp price increases in a highly monetarized rural context in which ingenuity and migration have become essential strategies to purchase the additional grain now required each year. The crisis in Nigerian rainfed agriculture is in fact structural. Media attention also thrived on images of child malnutrition, which is actually chronic throughout the entire region and stems from a combination of economic, social and cultural factors. Mass food distribution (not targeting the poor) as a result of the media attention was interpreted by the local populations as a new form of “development rent” and has given rise to various strategies of captation. The analysis of this crisis discloses a complex reality removed from the misguided debates of the “humanitarian organizations vs. development institutions”, “economic causes vs. cultural causes” or “commercial cultures vs. food self-sufficiency” variety.

Plan de l'article

• Niger, 2004-2005 : un bref bilan

• Et la malnutrition infantile ?

• Centres de récupération nutritionnelle et distributions alimentaires

• Le faux débat « humanitaire versus développement »

• Le faux débat « causes économiques versus causes culturelles »

• Le faux débat « cultures commerciales » versus « autosuffisance alimentaire »

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