Feeling Unsafe in Public Places: Understanding Women’s Fears
Stéphanie Condon
Marylène LIEBER
Florence MAILLOCHON
Using both quantitative and qualitative analysis (data from the Enquête Nationale sur les
Violences Envers les Femmes survey and in-depth ad hoc interviews), this article explores
the relationship between women’s fears for their safety, the experience of victimization, and
women’s mobility in public places–three phenomena rarely dealt with in combination.
While relatively few women spontaneously say they are afraid to go out alone, study of their
actual practices and the content of their discourse enables us to qualify this assessment. In
fact, many women, married, living with a partner, or with little or no free time due to the
sexual division of labor, do not have to deal with the question of going out alone at night.
Moreover, analysis of the practices of women who go out alone at night suggests that doing
so involves maintaining strong mental vigilance, a condition revealed in their many tactics
for avoiding contact. Mental vigilance is particularly strong among women who have been
victims of violence. Women’s mobility does not seem hampered by having been assaulted or
otherwise harassed in a public place. However, violence of any kind, even the most apparently harmless or inconsequential, limits women’s freedom of movement in that it carries
with it a threat felt over and beyond the moment it occurs, and increases what many women
say is their fear of being alone in public space.
• Women’s fears : a distinct sense of not being safe
— Social relations between the sexes, violence and fear : an analytical
framework
— Measuring a feeling : linking fears to behavior
— Fears may not limit women’s mobility
• The restrictive effect of fear on women’s mobility
— When the question of going out has been settled in advance : structures of
work and domestic organization as they relate to fears
— Circumstances of fears and their effects on how evenings out are organized
— Going out feeling scared, or the difficulty of admitting one’s fear
— Constant vigilance as revealed by avoidance tactics
• Experienced violence and anticipated violence : thinking about the foundation of fear
— The discrepancy between actual violence in public space and representations
of that violence
— The effects of various types of violence experienced over the preceding year
on fears and strategies with regard to public places
— When seemingly “innocuous” acts become threatening
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