• I. Extraordinary Renditions as an Essential Tool of U.S. Administration in
the Fight Against Global Terrorism
• II. Conceptual and Legal Delimitation of Extraordinary Renditions and Limits
of Extradition Procedures
• III. The Practice of Extraordinary Renditions in Europe
— 1. The Role of European States in U.S. Renditions as has Emerged From
Regional Organizations’ Enquiries
— 2. The Abu Omar Case in Italy : The Involvement of Internal Security
Services and the Judicial Inquiry
— 3. The Other Cases of Extraordinary Renditions : Alleged Complicity of
States and Open Investigations
• IV. Extraordinary Renditions and Issues Concerning Violations of
International Law and Human Rights Law
— 1. Extraordinary Renditions as a Crime Against Humanity and a Clear
Violation of the Jus Cogens Norm Concerning the Principle of Non-Refoulement
• V. Necessity of Reform of Internal Security Services at the National and
European Level in Order to Avoid Human Rights Violations Caused by
Extraordinary Renditions
— 1. Internal Security Services : Fundamental Resource of Modern Societies
and Inadequacy of Controls in European States’ Systems
— 2. Democratic Control as an Important Way to Prevent Violation of Jus
Cogens Norms Consequent to Extraordinary Renditions. The Key Role
Played by Judiciary
• VI. Controls of Foreign Security Services : Lack of Adequate Legislation and
Penal Law Enforcement Problems Arising from Immunity of Diplomatic
Agents in Cases of Extraordinary Renditions
• VII. Necessity of New Solutions Based on Inter-State Cooperation to
Effectively Contrast the Phenomenon of Extraordinary Renditions