Le travail humain
P.U.F.

I.S.B.N.2130526977
96 pages

p. 339 à 361
doi: 10.3917/th.654.0339

Veille sur la revue
Veille sur l'auteur
Vous consultez

Volume 65 2002/4

La dynamique relationnelle au sein d’équipes de conception

S. Dameron
Cooperative activities in product design have become a major issue to develop the final product. To integrate the knowledge of all the partners, the ties inside groups involved in design must be strengthened. This paper examines the development process of cooperative relationships within design teams. The author proposes two kinds of cooperative relationships. By exploring sociological and organizational theories, the paper argues that design groups can operate in two different modes. “ Complementary cooperation ” occurs when each member makes use of his/her skills in order to gain power or obtain some form of compensation. This is based on individual interest, work division and inter-individual agreements. On the other hand, people operate on a “ pro-social ” or “ community mode ” which is striggered when the participants strive to be recognized as members of the group, sharing a common identity. “ Community cooperation ” is based on common objectives, membership and agreements with outgroups. Although these two kinds of cooperation seem to be mutually exclusive, the theoretical study of their development process reveals the limits of the opposition. The author then explores the process in the field. The methodology is based on a longitudinal analysis of two design teams within two firms. Participant observation and interviews were conducted. Data were collected on the interactions of each group. Events were then systematically codified in the life of the groups studied. This codification helps assess when the group is co-operating in a “ complementary ” mode or a “ pro-social or community ” mode. The findings show that groups co-operate in both modes at the same time, while each of the two modes turns out to be dominant in sequence. More specifically, groups seem to adopt a community mode initially as a way of getting together as a team, then switch to a complementary mode to do whatever tasks need to be done jointly, before coming back to a dominant community mode when the participants feel that the work accomplished has legitimazed membership. Keywords : Cooperation, Project Team, Work Division, Socialization, Processual Analysis, Case Studies. Cet article vise à modéliser le processus de développement des relations de coopération dans l’organisation, à travers le cas d’équipes projet. Deux formes de coopération apparemment antagonistes sont définies théoriquement. La “ coopération complémentaire ” est fondée sur des comportements opportunistes et l’apport de ressources complémentaires ; la “ coopération communautaire ” est générée par le besoin d’appartenance à un groupe suivant une logique identitaire. L’analyse longitudinale de deux équipes de conception dans deux entreprises différentes permet de modéliser le processus coopératif suivant une perspective dialectique où coopération communautaire et coopération complémentaire se succèdent et se génèrent mutuellement. Mots-clés : Coopération, Conception, Équipes Projet, Division du travail, Socialisation, Analyse de processus, Études de cas.
• I.INTRODUCTION
• II.VERS UNE GRILLE DE LECTURE RELATIONNELLE DE LA DYNAMIQUE COOPÉRATIVE DANS L’ORGANISATION
— II . 1.LA COOPÉRATION COMPLÉMENTAIRE
— II . 2.LA COOPÉRATION COMMUNAUTAIRE
• III.MODÉLISATION DE LA DYNAMIQUE COOPÉRATIVE DANS LE CAS D’ÉQUIPES PROJET
— III . 1.MÉTHODOLOGIE DE LA RECHERCHE
— III . 2.MODÉLISATION DE LA DYNAMIQUE COOPÉRATIVE AU SEIN D’ÉQUIPES TRANSVERSALES DE CONCEPTION
• IV.CONCLUSION
• BIBLIOGRAPHIE


© Cairn.info 2009 Vie privée | Conditions d’utilisation | Conditions générales de vente
Cairn.info | Éditeurs | Bibliothèques | Aide à la navigation | Plan du site | Raccourcis