Le travail humain
P.U.F.
I.S.B.N.9782130559740
96 pages
p. 33 à 65
doi: en cours
Veille sur la revue
Veille sur l'auteur
P.U.F.
I.S.B.N.9782130559740
96 pages
p. 33 à 65
doi: en cours
Veille sur la revue
Veille sur l'auteur
Vous consultez
Volume 70 2007/1
Corrélats sociocognitifs de la prise de décision en situation d’interaction dynamique
C. Chauvin F. Letirand P. Delhomme
SOCIAL-COGNITIVE CORRELATES OF DECISION-MAKING IN A DYNAMIC SITUATION OF INTERACTION
Human behaviours are difficult to predict in traffic situations, because they result from different interpretations of the rules and even from rule violations. This statement is widely accepted both for road users and mariners. In nautical environments, problems in identifying intentions or predicting the actions of other vessels are a major source of incidents or accidents (i.e. collisions).
This study aims to explain mariners’ behaviours in collision avoidance situations. It is based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour. This theory postulates that behaviour is a function of three kinds of salient information, or beliefs : behavioural beliefs (referring to the outcome or to the cost incurred by performing the behaviour), normative beliefs (referring to the perceived social pressure to perform or not to perform the behaviour), and control beliefs (referring to the perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behaviour).
In this study, 103 trainee Officers of the Watch (OOW) in a maritime school examined one of two collision avoidance situations. In one situation, their ship is the " give way " vessel, whilst in the other, she is the " stand-on " vessel. Both situations are ambiguous, because they allow different actions to be taken. Participants were required to indicate the action they would choose if they were in that situation and to answer questions relating to :
Results showed the possible effects of subjective norms on behaviour : students who choose an action are significantly more likely than others to think that a Master would approve of this choice and would perform this action. This finding is discussed with regard to the teaching of bridge team management in maritime schools. Keywords : Decision-making, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Dynamic situation, Interaction, Ship handling, Collision avoidance. La théorie du comportement planifié – TCP – (Ajzen, 1991, 2002) est utilisée pour étudier les déterminants de la prise de décision dans des situations où il y a un risque de collision entre deux navires. L’étude est menée auprès d’élèves officiers de la Marine marchande. Parmi les trois catégories de déterminants proposées par la TCP, la catégorie relative aux normes subjectives semble avoir une incidence sur les actions choisies par les élèves. Mots-clés : Prise de décision, Théorie du comportement planifié, Situation dynamique, Interaction, Conduite de navire, Anticollision.
Human behaviours are difficult to predict in traffic situations, because they result from different interpretations of the rules and even from rule violations. This statement is widely accepted both for road users and mariners. In nautical environments, problems in identifying intentions or predicting the actions of other vessels are a major source of incidents or accidents (i.e. collisions).
This study aims to explain mariners’ behaviours in collision avoidance situations. It is based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour. This theory postulates that behaviour is a function of three kinds of salient information, or beliefs : behavioural beliefs (referring to the outcome or to the cost incurred by performing the behaviour), normative beliefs (referring to the perceived social pressure to perform or not to perform the behaviour), and control beliefs (referring to the perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behaviour).
In this study, 103 trainee Officers of the Watch (OOW) in a maritime school examined one of two collision avoidance situations. In one situation, their ship is the " give way " vessel, whilst in the other, she is the " stand-on " vessel. Both situations are ambiguous, because they allow different actions to be taken. Participants were required to indicate the action they would choose if they were in that situation and to answer questions relating to :
- the consequences (desirable and undesirable) of each of the possible actions (behavioural beliefs) ;
- the individuals who would approve or disapprove of performing a given action and the individuals who would or wouldn’t perform this action (normative beliefs) ;
- the features which could facilitate or inhibit the performance of each action (control beliefs).
Results showed the possible effects of subjective norms on behaviour : students who choose an action are significantly more likely than others to think that a Master would approve of this choice and would perform this action. This finding is discussed with regard to the teaching of bridge team management in maritime schools. Keywords : Decision-making, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Dynamic situation, Interaction, Ship handling, Collision avoidance. La théorie du comportement planifié – TCP – (Ajzen, 1991, 2002) est utilisée pour étudier les déterminants de la prise de décision dans des situations où il y a un risque de collision entre deux navires. L’étude est menée auprès d’élèves officiers de la Marine marchande. Parmi les trois catégories de déterminants proposées par la TCP, la catégorie relative aux normes subjectives semble avoir une incidence sur les actions choisies par les élèves. Mots-clés : Prise de décision, Théorie du comportement planifié, Situation dynamique, Interaction, Conduite de navire, Anticollision.
• I. INTRODUCTION
• II. LA THÉORIE DU COMPORTEMENT PLANIFIÉ
— II . 1. PRÉSENTATION
— II . 2. FORMATION DE L’INTENTION COMPORTEMENTALE ET PRODUCTION DU COMPORTEMENT
— II . 3. SYNTHÈSE CRITIQUE
• III. MÉTHODOLOGIE
— III . 1. DESCRIPTION DE L’EXPÉRIENCE
— III . 2. HYPOTHèSES
• IV. RÉSULTATS
— IV . 1. SITUATION 1
— IV . 2. SITUATION 2
• V. DISCUSSION ET CONCLUSION
• ANNEXE 1 : SITUATION 1
• ANNEXE 2 : SITUATION 2
• BIBLIOGRAPHIE
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